Preoperative von Willebrand factor is an independent predictive biomarker for post-hepatectomy liver failure-A multivariable model with APRI+ALBI.

Portal hypertension is a key factor in posthepatectomy liver failure (PHLF). While preoperative liver function tests like APRI+ALBI assess liver function, they only partially reflect portal hypertension severity. Elevated von Willebrand factor antigen (vWF-Ag) indicates endothelial dysregulation and correlates with portal hypertension. Combining vWF-Ag with APRI+ALBI may enhance PHLF prediction. A total of 534 patients who underwent liver resection at Mayo Clinic Rochester (2020-2024) were analyzed for PHLF incidence, postoperative morbidity, and 90-day mortality. Predictive probability for PHLF was assessed using receiver operating characteristic analysis and validated in an external Austrian cohort of 283 patients (2008-2017). vWF-Ag was then integrated into the existing APRI+ALBI multivariable model. PHLF grade B/C was reported in 56 patients (10.5%). The 90-day mortality rate was 0.9% (n=5). Using 2 cutoffs (182%, 240%), vWF-Ag was found to be an independent predictive factor for PHLF grade B/C that remained statistically significant upon multivariable analysis. The combination of preoperative APRI+ALBI and vWF-Ag increased the positive predictive value to 27.9% for PHLF grade B/C in the APRI+ALBI high and vWF-Ag high group. Incorporation of vWF-Ag into the established APRI+ALBI-based multivariable model revealed a superior AUC of 0.772 for PHLF risk stratification and was successfully validated in an independent cohort (AUC=0.834). The combination of vWF-Ag with APRI+ALBI demonstrates a favorable predictive potential for PHLF risk assessment. We provide 2 pathways for clinical assessment: (1) a cutoff-based system and (2) a more complex multivariable model that can be calculated in a specifically designed smartphone application.