A validation study of the Facial-Oral Tract Therapy Swallowing Assessment of Saliva.

OBJECTIVE

To investigate the validity and reliability of the Swallowing Assessment of Saliva in detection of aspiration risk.

DESIGN

Validation study.

SETTING

Inpatient neurorehabilitation centre.

SUBJECTS: Adult patients with acquired brain injury. A total of 43 patients for concurrent validity and 33 other patients for inter-rater reliability.

INTERVENTIONS: Concurrent validity was established with blinded Swallowing Assessment of Saliva and endoscopic evaluation within a 24-hour time interval. Inter-rater reliability was established with two blinded Swallowing Assessments of Saliva within a one-hour time interval.

MAIN MEASURES: The Swallowing Assessment of Saliva is a seven-item scale with a combination of swallowing and non-swallowing items. It is based on the Facial-Oral Tract Therapy approach.

RESULTS

The Swallowing Assessment of Saliva had a sensitivity of 91%, 95% confidence interval (CI) (59; 100), a specificity of 88% %, 95% CI (71; 97) and a kappa coefficient of 0.87 ±0.17 in detection of aspiration risk. Furthermore, analyses showed that experienced and inexperienced occupational therapists performed equally in detection of aspiration risk.

CONCLUSION

The Swallowing Assessment of Saliva is a simple, sensitive and reliable assessment for detecting aspiration risk in patients with acquired brain injury.