The granulocytopenic patient: another consideration for antimicrobial prophylaxis.

Infection in the granulocytopenic patient is often life-threatening, and the frequency and severity of infection are increased regardless of the cause of leukocyte suppression. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole plus nystatin is known to be effective in preventing colonization and infection by the primary pathogens responsible for the morbidity and mortality associated with granulocytopenia. When treating granulocytopenic patients, clinicians should use proper barrier techniques to minimize nosocomial colonization. When foci of oral infection are present or bacteremia is predictable, appropriate antibiotics should be prescribed.