Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy and Cytotoxicity of Zinc Oxide with Achyranthes aspera as Obturating Material in Primary Tooth: In Vitro Study.

AIMS AND

BACKGROUND

This study compared the antimicrobial efficacy and cytotoxicity of traditional zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) and a novel formulation of zinc oxide mixed with Achyranthes aspera leaf extract. A. aspera is known for its medicinal properties, and its potential as an alternative to eugenol in dental applications has been explored.

OBJECTIVE

To compare and evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of ZOE and zinc oxide with Achyranthus aspera leaf extract. To compare and evaluate the cytotoxicity of ZOE and zinc oxide with Achyranthes aspera leaf extract. To compare and evaluate the dentinal adaptability of ZOE and zinc oxide with Achyranthus aspera leaf extract.

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

Antimicrobial efficacy against Enterococcus faecalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Candida albicans was assessed using the agar diffusion method. Cytotoxicity was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The zones of inhibition were measured for antimicrobial analysis, and cell viability was recorded for cytotoxicity evaluation.

RESULTS

The combination of zinc oxide and A. aspera formulation demonstrated significant antimicrobial activity, comparable to that of traditional ZOE. Also, cytotoxicity analysis revealed that the novel formulation exhibited lower toxicity to fibroblast cells than ZOE, indicating better biocompatibility.

CONCLUSION

Zinc oxide mixed with Achyranthes aspera leaf extract is a promising alternative to conventional ZOE, offering effective antimicrobial properties with reduced cytotoxicity. This suggests its potential use in dental applications where eugenol-induced toxicity is a concern.

CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: This study highlights the potential of A. aspera as a natural and biocompatible alternative to eugenol in dental materials. This novel formulation may enhance patient safety by reducing cytotoxic effects while maintaining antimicrobial efficacy, making it a viable option for endodontic and restorative applications.

HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Abishek CB, Srinivasan D, Pragadesh G, et al. Evaluation of Antimicrobial Efficacy and Cytotoxicity of Zinc Oxide with Achyranthes aspera as Obturating Material in Primary Tooth: In Vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2026;19(1):24-28.