Vector borne and zoonotic diseases (Larchmont, N.Y.) · 2025
High Inoculum Doses of Leishmania mexicana Induce Severe Diffuse Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in Susceptible Mice.
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Ortiz-Avalos Juana, Mancilla-Ramirez Javier, Acosta Patiño José Luis, García-Hernández Marco Francisco, Quiñonez-Díaz Laura Judith, Rojas-Bernabe Araceli, Fernandez-Urrutia Liliana, Galindo-Sevilla Norma
Аннотация
UNLABELLED: Background: Leishmania mexicanawas identified as the causal agent of localized as well as diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (DCL) in Mexico.
METHODS: To clarify the roles of the inoculum size and host sex, three different doses of the L. mexicana reference strain MNYC/BZ/62/M379 were inoculated into susceptible BALB/c mice.
RESULTS: A low dose (25 × 100) did not produce lesions, a medium dose (25 × 103) produced localized lesions, and a high dose (25 × 106) produced diffuse leishmaniasis. Male mice became infected with the reference strain M379 at a dose 1000 times lower than that required to produce the same type of infection in female mice. Male mice developed lesions 2 or 3 months earlier than female. The dose-dependent severity of lesions was confirmed in 22 previously frozen L. mexicana isolates obtained from patients with either localized or diffuse forms of the disease.
CONCLUSION: We concluded that DCL caused by L. mexicana is a severe form of tegumentary leishmaniasis caused by a high parasite inoculum dose in susceptible hosts, with increased susceptibility in males.
METHODS: To clarify the roles of the inoculum size and host sex, three different doses of the L. mexicana reference strain MNYC/BZ/62/M379 were inoculated into susceptible BALB/c mice.
RESULTS: A low dose (25 × 100) did not produce lesions, a medium dose (25 × 103) produced localized lesions, and a high dose (25 × 106) produced diffuse leishmaniasis. Male mice became infected with the reference strain M379 at a dose 1000 times lower than that required to produce the same type of infection in female mice. Male mice developed lesions 2 or 3 months earlier than female. The dose-dependent severity of lesions was confirmed in 22 previously frozen L. mexicana isolates obtained from patients with either localized or diffuse forms of the disease.
CONCLUSION: We concluded that DCL caused by L. mexicana is a severe form of tegumentary leishmaniasis caused by a high parasite inoculum dose in susceptible hosts, with increased susceptibility in males.