Insulin resistance with acanthosis nigricans and acral hypertrophy.

Two patients are described with obesity, acanthosis nigricans, acral hypertrophy, basal hyperinsulinism and exaggerated insulin responses to oral glucose. One patient, a diabetic female showed features of virilisation due to polycystic ovarian disease and underwent gonadectomy with some resolution of her androgenisation and acanthosis nigricans. Binding of labelled insulin to erythrocytes was significantly decreased in both patients compared with normal or obese control subjects. In contrast, the receptor concentration in adipose tissue obtained from the patient undergoing gonadectomy was higher than seen in obese control subjects. Thus, somatic growth may be stimulated by insulin in some tissues in these hyperinsulinaemic patients due to relative preservation of receptor numbers.