Improving Retinopathy of Prematurity Care: A Medico-Legal Perspective.

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is the leading cause of preventable infant blindness in the world. India leads all nations with the highest number of premature infants born each year. Asia has the highest estimated incidence, where visual loss from ROP is over twice as high per million live births compared to established market economies. The problems of ROP management in these countries are compounded by a large cohort of babies who require screening, relatively few ROP specialists, and more recently medico-legal challenges. The authors share the Indian jurisprudence literature from the past decade relating to ROP, summarizing key clinical lessons learned from these legal judgments. The authors endeavor to enlist good clinical practices for various key steps involved in ROP care to help mitigate future litigations as well as protect the clinical interest of the infants who require ROP screening and treatment.