Differentiating infected femoral pseudoaneurysms from inguinal abscesses: The hidden menace in intravenous drug users: A case report.

INTRODUCTION

Inguinal abscesses are relatively common surgical emergencies typically managed by drainage and antibiotics. However, in intravenous drug users, repeated vascular trauma may result in infected femoral pseudoaneurysms, which can mimic abscesses but require urgent vascular intervention.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 35-year-old male with a history of drug abuse presented with a 10-day history of left groin pain, swelling, and impaired mobility. Examination revealed a tender, firm mass with erythema and necrotic lesions. Doppler ultrasound and CT angiography identified an infected femoral pseudoaneurysm, prompting urgent surgical ligation, excision, debridement, and broad-spectrum antibiotics. The patient's recovery was favorable, with no claudication at one month.

DISCUSSION: Differentiating between a groin abscess and an infected pseudoaneurysm is challenging due to overlapping clinical signs. Imaging modalities are essential for accurate diagnosis, as mismanagement such as attempting simple drainage can result in catastrophic hemorrhage. The infected field also limits revascularization options, making excision and ligation a preferred damage control strategy.

CONCLUSION

In high-risk patients like intravenous drug users, a high index of suspicion for infected femoral pseudoaneurysms is crucial. Prompt diagnosis and appropriate surgical management can significantly reduce morbidity and prevent life-threatening complications.