Predictors of 1-year outcome for patients with panic disorder.

The course of panic disorder (PD) is often prolonged, but factors that affect the social outcome have not yet been made clear. The aim of this study was to find predictors of outcome for patients with PD. The subjects were 65 outpatients (28 men and 37 women) with PD (DSM-III-R) who were treated at our hospital for more than 1 year. The factors affecting 1-year outcome were evaluated by multiple regression analysis. We found that the following were predictors of poor social outcome in PD: (1) severe agoraphobia at the first psychiatric examination and (2) long duration of illness before the first psychiatric consultation. Furthermore, the complication of hypochondriacal symptoms predicted a poor outcome for PD. Early attention to agoraphobia and hypochondriasis is essential for the treatment of PD, and early introduction to psychiatric treatment is recommended.