Ophthalmology science · 2025
Effect of Myopic Defocus on the Retina and Choroid and Its Interaction with Defocus Regions, Diurnal Rhythm, and Accommodation.
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Huang Yingying, Zhang Jiali, Li Xue, Chen Hao, Bao Jinhua
Аннотация
PURPOSE: To explore the effect of defocus region and amount, diurnal rhythm, and accommodation on myopic defocus-induced changes in the retina and choroid.
DESIGN: Four test lenses were used: single-vision soft contact lens (SVCL), bifocal spectacle lens (BSL) with +3.50 diopters (D) addition in the inferior visual field, defocus incorporated multiple segments lens (DIMS), and dual-focus contact lens (DFCL) with +2.00 D addition.
PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-one adults aged between 18 and 30 years, myopia between -1.00 D and -6.00 D, were included.
METHODS: Four lenses were used in random order at 4 separate days for each participant. Participants underwent OCT and OCT angiography examinations after distance-viewing (4 m) and near-viewing (20 cm) for 20 minutes with 4 test lenses at both 10 am and 5 pm.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Retinal and choroidal thicknesses (RT and ChT) and vessel density were assessed.
RESULTS: The changes in RT, retinal and choroidal vessel density were not significantly different between lenses or times (all P > 0.05). Choroidal thickness changes differed between lenses after near-viewing in both the morning and evening and after distance-viewing in the morning (all P < 0.05). Compared with SVCL, BSL, DIMS, and DFCL achieved lower ChT reductions (all P < 0.05), and BSL showed least reduction. No lenses completely inhibited ChT thinning after near-viewing.
CONCLUSIONS: Myopic defocus inhibited choroid thinning more effectively in the morning, and provided sufficient defocus in the superior retina was more effective. The amount of lens defocus in this study (+3.50 D) was insufficient to inhibit choroidal thinning with 5 D accommodation completely.
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURES: Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
DESIGN: Four test lenses were used: single-vision soft contact lens (SVCL), bifocal spectacle lens (BSL) with +3.50 diopters (D) addition in the inferior visual field, defocus incorporated multiple segments lens (DIMS), and dual-focus contact lens (DFCL) with +2.00 D addition.
PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-one adults aged between 18 and 30 years, myopia between -1.00 D and -6.00 D, were included.
METHODS: Four lenses were used in random order at 4 separate days for each participant. Participants underwent OCT and OCT angiography examinations after distance-viewing (4 m) and near-viewing (20 cm) for 20 minutes with 4 test lenses at both 10 am and 5 pm.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Retinal and choroidal thicknesses (RT and ChT) and vessel density were assessed.
RESULTS: The changes in RT, retinal and choroidal vessel density were not significantly different between lenses or times (all P > 0.05). Choroidal thickness changes differed between lenses after near-viewing in both the morning and evening and after distance-viewing in the morning (all P < 0.05). Compared with SVCL, BSL, DIMS, and DFCL achieved lower ChT reductions (all P < 0.05), and BSL showed least reduction. No lenses completely inhibited ChT thinning after near-viewing.
CONCLUSIONS: Myopic defocus inhibited choroid thinning more effectively in the morning, and provided sufficient defocus in the superior retina was more effective. The amount of lens defocus in this study (+3.50 D) was insufficient to inhibit choroidal thinning with 5 D accommodation completely.
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURES: Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.