The Effect of Sodium-Dependent Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors on Cardiac Structural and Functional Indicators and Biochemical Markers in Older Adults with Hypertension and Pre-Heart Failure.

INTRODUCTION

This study aimed to examine the effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) on cardiac structure and cardiorenal function in older adults with hypertension and pre-heart failure.

METHODS

A total of 88 patients with hypertension and pre-heart failure who received care at the hospital between August 2022 and August 2024 were enrolled and randomly assigned to either a dapagliflozin group or a conventional treatment group. Changes in N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), troponin I (TnI), estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), interleukin-6 (IL-6), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), procalcitonin (PCT), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), ejection fraction, left atrial volume index (LAVI), and left ventricular mass index were assessed and compared between the two groups before and after 3 months of treatment.

RESULTS

No significant differences were observed in NT-proBNP, TnI, eGFR, IL-6, and hsCRP levels between the two groups before treatment. Additionally, there were no differences in PCT, TnI, and LVEDV between the groups at 3 months post-treatment. However, IL-6, hsCRP, and eGFR levels were significantly lower in the dapagliflozin group compared to the conventional treatment group at 3 months post-treatment (p < 0.05). Additionally, the LAVI was significantly lower in the dapagliflozin group relative to the conventional treatment group, with the difference being statistically significant (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

These findings indicate that SGLT2i therapy may contribute to early myocardial remodeling and improvement in cardiorenal function in older adults with hypertension and pre-heart failure. Furthermore, prolonged SGLT2i administration appears to exert anti-inflammatory effects.