Radiation protection knowledge and self-reported compliance with safety practices among radiology, nuclear medicine, radiotherapy, and interventional/fluoroscopy professionals in Türkiye: A cross-sectional survey.

BACKGROUND

Occupational radiation protection depends on both competency (knowledge) and consistent compliance with monitoring and protective practice. This study quantified radiation protection knowledge and self-reported compliance-related safety practices among occupationally exposed radiology-related professionals in Türkiye and examined how these outcomes vary across workforce and institutions.

METHODS

We conducted a national cross-sectional, web-based survey (25 items) among staff working in radiology, nuclear medicine, radiotherapy, and interventional settings. Knowledge was summarized as a 0-100 index based on eight objective items; descriptive statistics and non-parametric group comparisons were used.

RESULTS

A total of 153 respondents participated (56.9% women; 97.4% technologists/technicians; 69.7% Ministry of Health facilities). Mean knowledge score was 74.7 ± 19.2 (0-100). Correct response rates were highest for the purpose of personal dosimetry (151/153, 98.7%) and the dose-distance relationship (141/153, 92.2%), while significant deficiencies were found in understanding occupational dose limits (75/153, 49.0%) and the license renewal interval for radiation devices (72/153, 47.1%). Most participants reported using personal dosimeters (133/153, 86.9%) and reviewing dosimetry reports (123/149, 82.6%), but consistent use of personal protective equipment was lower (87/153, 56.9%; 40/153, 26.1% sometimes; 26/153, 17.0% never). Knowledge differed by education (H = 27.5, p < 0.001), work experience (H = 39.4, p < 0.001), and institution type (H = 14.7, p < 0.001), but not by gender (p = 0.33).

CONCLUSION

While core radiation protection knowledge is generally adequate important gaps persist in regulatory knowledge and consistent protective equipment use. Focused, practice-oriented reinforcement targeting early-career staff and lower-performing institutions may strengthen ALARA-aligned behavior and improve occupational radiation safety practices nationwide Keywords.