Correlation of clinical and immunologic states in multiple sclerosis.

Cyclophosphamide was administered to 14 patients with chronic progressive multiple sclerosis on an intermittent escalating dosage schedule adjusted to maintain numbers of peripheral blood B lymphocytes and helper/inducer (CD4) T cells below the fifth percentile of the normal population. Peripheral blood B cells, T cells, suppressor/cytotoxic (CD8) T cells, CD4 cells, and FcR+-bearing cell numbers and percentages were monitored at one-week to two-week intervals. Clinical status was assessed by neurologic examinations at approximately four-week intervals. Regression analysis revealed a statistically significant correlation between changes in immunologic status and changes in clinical state. The immunologic changes preceded the neurologic changes. Increases in percent of CD8 cells and decreases in percent of CD4 cells forecast improved clinical course. These findings, coupled with other studies, strongly suggest a pathogenetic role for helper and suppressor T cells in the production of clinical signs of multiple sclerosis.