Disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis with mucosal involvement in a patient with HTLV-1 infection: A case report.

A case in Peru highlights the challenges of treating cutaneous leishmaniasis, a parasitic disease endemic to the region. A 44-year-old farmer presented with disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis with mucosal involvement, further complicated by co-infection with HTLV-1, an unusual combination in Peru. Initial treatment with Amphotericin B was interrupted due to neuromuscular symptoms, causing disease recurrence. Serology later confirmed the HTLV-1 co-infection. After a comprehensive regimen including meglumine antimoniate, clindamycin, ceftriaxone, imiquimod, and pentoxifylline, the patient's lesions fully re-epithelialized within 30 days. The case emphasizes the necessity of treatment adherence and specialized follow-up to manage complex co-infections effectively.