Oral health status of male prisoners in Italy.

OBJECTIVES

To determine the prevalence of dental and root caries, periodontal conditions, and prosthetic status of prison inmates.

DESIGN

Cross-sectional survey.

SETTING

Penal institutions in the Calabria region (Italy).

PARTICIPANTS

A random sample of 544 prisoners.

METHODS

Participants underwent a structured interview by trained interviewers and a dental examination.

RESULTS

Only 2% had no history of caries. Mean DMFT and DMFS were 9.8 and 37.6 and missing teeth was the most prevalent component of the DMFT. Higher DMFT was found among older prisoners, having regular dental attendance, higher plaque index, and in those with a lower frequency of a tooth brushing habit. Conservative care and extractions were required by 61.9% and 33.3%. The mean plaque and gingival indices were 0.74 and 0.75; 10.5% had healthy periodontal tissues. The highest number of individuals was classified as having a CPI of 2, whereas 5% had at least one sextant with a CPI score of 4. Deep pockets were more likely in older subjects and in those with a lower frequency of a tooth brushing habit. A minimum of oral hygiene instruction was needed by 89.6%. Seven subjects were edentulous and 85.1% had a prosthetic treatment need.

CONCLUSIONS

This survey emphasises the need for programmes to improve the oral health of prisoners.