[Pellagroid encephalopathy in chronic alcoholism. Clinicopathological study (author's transl)].

Pathological findings from two patients with clinical symptoms of diffuse encephalopathy who died due to a bronchopneumonia are studied. Postmortem examination of the central nervous system revealed neuronal changes which suggested the diagnosis of pellagroid encephalopathy. The differential diagnosis between several diseases characterized by encephalopathy, alcohol ingestion and malnutrition are discussed (chronic alcoholism, acquired hepatocerebral degeneration, Marchiafava-Bignami's syndrome, Morel's lamilar sclerosis, Wernicke-Korsakoff's syndrome and pellagroid encephalopathy). Alcoholic encephalopathy should be considered a medical emergency, which requires early correction of the basal parameters and prompt administration of thiamin and nicotinamide-nicotinic acid in doses of 500 mg per day i.v. followed by 200-300 mg per day of niacinamide by mouth.