The evolving threat of drug-resistant malaria in a globalized world.

OBJECTIVE

Malaria is one of the most threatening parasitic infectious diseases of humans, causing major health and economic burden, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Plasmodium falciparum is the most lethal parasite species that causes the disease and is responsible for the highest number of malaria-related deaths.

METHODS

Despite the availability of antimalarial drugs and preventive measures, malaria continues to threaten millions of people. Malaria control programs face several challenges due to the spread of drug-resistant parasites. Understanding the mechanisms of action of antimalarial drugs and the genetic basis of resistance is therefore essential.

RESULTS

This review highlights the molecular mechanisms of drug resistance against malaria, its global impact, and the urgent need for real-time surveillance systems.

CONCLUSION

Deeper understanding about the drug resistance in the parasites may be further helpful in providing improved treatment and devising more effective control strategies.