European journal of applied physiology · 2026
Short-term effects of inspiratory muscle warm-up and fatigue on diaphragmatic function in professional basketball players: a randomized clinical trial.
СтатьяРандомизированное исследованиеНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
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Ladriñán-Maestro Arturo, Sánchez-Infante Jorge, Rodríguez-Sanz David, Sánchez-Sierra Alberto
Аннотация
PURPOSE: This randomized controlled clinical trial aimed to assess the short-term effects of inspiratory muscle fatigue and warm-up on respiratory muscle strength and diaphragm thickness in professional basketball players.
METHODS: Thirty-eight professional basketball players randomly allocated into an Inspiratory Muscle Fatigue group (FG) or an Inspiratory Muscle Warm-up group (WG). Diaphragmatic ultrasound parameters (inspiratory thickness, thickening fraction) and maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), measured at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and at 15 and 30 min post-intervention.
RESULTS: Compared with baseline, the FG showed decreases of 7% in MIP, 11% in inspiratory diaphragm thickness, and 26% in thickening fraction (all p < 0.01; η² = 0.38-0.68). In contrast, the WG demonstrated increases of 5% in MIP, 9% in inspiratory thickness, and 17% in thickening fraction immediately and 15 min after the intervention (p < 0.01). All outcomes showed strong group × time interactions (η² ≥ 0.74). Improvements in the WG diminished by 30 min.
CONCLUSIONS: Inspiratory muscle fatigue induces short-term impairments in inspiratory muscle strength and diaphragm thickness lasting at least 30 min. In contrast, inspiratory muscle warm-up elicits transient improvements lasting up to 15 min.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial was prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT07046637) on July 10, 2025.
METHODS: Thirty-eight professional basketball players randomly allocated into an Inspiratory Muscle Fatigue group (FG) or an Inspiratory Muscle Warm-up group (WG). Diaphragmatic ultrasound parameters (inspiratory thickness, thickening fraction) and maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), measured at baseline, immediately post-intervention, and at 15 and 30 min post-intervention.
RESULTS: Compared with baseline, the FG showed decreases of 7% in MIP, 11% in inspiratory diaphragm thickness, and 26% in thickening fraction (all p < 0.01; η² = 0.38-0.68). In contrast, the WG demonstrated increases of 5% in MIP, 9% in inspiratory thickness, and 17% in thickening fraction immediately and 15 min after the intervention (p < 0.01). All outcomes showed strong group × time interactions (η² ≥ 0.74). Improvements in the WG diminished by 30 min.
CONCLUSIONS: Inspiratory muscle fatigue induces short-term impairments in inspiratory muscle strength and diaphragm thickness lasting at least 30 min. In contrast, inspiratory muscle warm-up elicits transient improvements lasting up to 15 min.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial was prospectively registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT07046637) on July 10, 2025.