Recent progress in small-molecule targeted therapies for melanoma treatment.

Melanoma is an aggressive form of skin cancer that originates from melanocytes and has a high risk of metastasis to distant organs. The identification of specific mutations and the subsequent development of targeted therapies have revolutionized the landscape of small-molecule drugs for melanoma. However, the acquired resistance and low response in a subset of melanoma patients promote continued research and clinical study for novel small-molecule targeted therapies. In recent years, several innovative targeted therapies and small-molecule strategies have been explored, which provide more options for melanoma patients. This review will summarize recent advances in targeted therapy for melanoma, with a focus on emerging small-molecule strategies and an update on their clinical progress.