Development and performance evaluation of a recombinant antigen - based ELISA and immunochromatography test for HCMV IgG detection.

BACKGROUND

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a common pathogen that poses significant health risks, particularly to immunocompromised individuals. This study aims to improve diagnostic accuracy by developing a novel enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and colloidal gold immunochromatography assay (GICA) utilizing recombinant HCMV proteins (fusion of pp150 and pp28), which offer improved sensitivity and specificity.

METHODS

A recombinant HCMV antigen was synthesized for the detection of CMV IgG antibodies in 573 serum samples collected from Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. All samples were analyzed using two in-house developed assays (indirect ELISA and GICA), and 528 of these samples were identified as CMV IgG-positive by a commercial ELISA kit. The diagnostic performance and reliability of the two in-house assays were subsequently compared with those of this commercial ELISA kit.

RESULTS

The assays showed no cross-reactivity with other viruses, with a coefficient of variation of less than 10%, indicating excellent reproducibility. Compared to the commercial ELISA kit, the concordance rates of the recombinant antigen-based ELISA and GICA were 98.9% and 99.7%, respectively.

CONCLUSION

The ELISA and GICA developed in this study demonstrate high sensitivity and specificity, making them suitable for screening CMV IgG antibodies particularly in immunocompromised individuals. These findings highlight the potential of recombinant antigen-based assays to advance in infectious disease diagnostics.

CLINICAL TRIAL NUMBER: Not applicable.