Vaccine hesitancy among communities in ten countries in Asia, Africa, and South America during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Harapan Harapan, Anwar Samsul, Yufika Amanda, Sharun Khan, Gachabayov Mahir, Fahriani Marhami, Husnah Milda, Raad Rawan, Abdalla Rashed Ya, Adam Rashed Y, Khiri Namareg Me, Ismaeil Mohajer Ih, Ismail Asma Y, Kacem Wajdi, Dahman Nesrine Bh, Teyeb Zeineb, Aloui Khaoula, Hafsi Montacer, Ferjani Manel, Deeb Dalia A, Emad Dina, Abbas Kirellos Said, Monib Fatma A, Sami Farah S, Subramaniam R, Panchawagh Suhrud, Anandu Sunil, Haque Md Ariful, Ferreto Lirane Ed, Briones María Fc, Morales Rocío Bi, Díaz Sebastián Al, Aburto José To, Rojas Jorge Et, Balogun Emmanuel O, Enitan Seyi S, Yomi Akele R, Durosinmi Abiodun, Ezigbo Eyiuche D, Adejumo Esther N, Babadi Elham, Kakemam Edris, Malik Najma I, Ullah Irfan, Rosiello Dott F, Emran Talha B, Wendt Guilherme W, Arab-Zozani Morteza, Wagner Abram L, Mudatsir Mudatsir
Аннотация
Vaccine hesitancy is considered one of the greatest threats to the ongoing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination programs. Lack of trust in vaccine benefits, along with concerns about side effects of the newly developed COVID-19 vaccine, might significantly contribute to COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. The objective of this study was to determine the level of vaccine hesitancy among communities in particular their belief in vaccination benefits and perceived risks of new vaccines. An online cross-sectional study was conducted in 10 countries in Asia, Africa, and South America from February to May 2021. Seven items from the WHO SAGE Vaccine Hesitancy Scale were used to measure a construct of belief in vaccination benefit, and one item measured perceived riskiness of new vaccines. A logistic regression was used to determine which sociodemographic factors were associated with both vaccine hesitancy constructs. A total of 1,832 respondents were included in the final analysis of which 36.2% (range 5.6-52.2%) and 77.6% (range 38.3-91.2%) of them were classified as vaccine hesitant in terms of beliefs in vaccination benefits and concerns about new vaccines, respectively. Respondents from Pakistan had the highest vaccine hesitancy while those from Chile had the lowest. Being females, Muslim, having a non-healthcare-related job and not receiving a flu vaccination during the past 12 months were associated with poor beliefs of vaccination benefits. Those who were living in rural areas, Muslim, and those who did not received a flu vaccination during the past 12 months had relatively higher beliefs that new vaccines are riskier. High prevalence of vaccine hesitancy in some countries during the COVID-19 pandemic might hamper COVID-19 vaccination programs worldwide. Programs should be developed to promote vaccination in those sociodemographic groups with relatively high vaccine hesitancy.