The impact of incorporating patient educational videos for secondary prevention in adults with coronary artery disease; A systematic review of randomized and quasi-experimental, controlled trials.

OBJECTIVES

The study's primary aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of educational interventions that incorporated video on outcomes in adults with CAD. The secondary aim was to compare the effectiveness of interventions that used videos as primary medium versus supplementary to deliver the educational content.

METHODS

A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus and Cochrane Central data bases (up to June 2024) for Randomized, controlled trials and Quasi-Experimental studies. Methodological quality was assessed using JBI checklists. Due to high heterogeneity, data were synthesized qualitatively following the Synthesis Without Meta-analysis (SWiM) guidelines based on the direction of effect. The certainty of evidence was evaluated using GRADE approach

RESULTS

Twenty-two studies, comprised of 3421 participants, were included. Synthesis revealed that Video-Based Studies (V-BS) are highly effective in enhancing self-efficacy (Moderate certainty) and reducing depressive symptoms (High certainty), while also improving HRQoL (Moderate certainty). Conversely, multi-component studies (M-CS) demonstrated superior effectiveness in sustaining complex behavioral changes, specifically smoking cessation (High certainty) and physical activity (Moderate certainty). Both types showed predominantly neutral effects on physiological markers (BP, BMI, Glucose) with certainty ranging from Moderate to Very Low. Preliminary evidence suggests cost-effectiveness for V-BS, although certainty remains Low due to sparse data.

CONCLUSIONS

V-BS is a potent tool for psychosocial empowerment and knowledge gain in CAD care. While V-BS are sufficient for improving emotional well-being and self-efficacy, complex lifestyle modifications require more systematic multi-component programs.

PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: Both interventions are indicated as beneficial and should be integrated as a complementary strategy to medical management, tailored to specific patient needs and phase of recovery utilizing videos for rapid empowerment and multi-component support for long-term behavioral change.