[Changes in proteomics of naturally aged rat bone marrow and ameliorative effect of Yougui Yin and its mechanism].

This study aims to investigate changes in proteomics of naturally aged rat bone marrow and the ameliorative effect of Yougui Yin along with its mechanism. Naturally aged rats were divided into groups and administered Yougui Yin orally for 60 days. Changes in the rats' appearance, organ tissue morphology, biochemical parameters, and bone marrow proteins were observed. Yougui Yin was administered to intervene in D-galactose(D-gal)-induced aging of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs), and their proliferation capacity, osteogenic differentiation capacity, oxidation indicators, and bone marrow protein changes were detected. Proteomics screening and Western blot validation confirmed significant elevation of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase 2(NOX2) and transferrin receptor protein 1(TFR1) alongside significant reduction in heme oxygenase 1(HO-1) and ferritin heavy chain 1(FTH1) in the bone marrow of naturally aged rats. Rats in the Yougui Yin groups showed significant improvements in appearance, organ indices, histomorphology of kidney and spleen tissues, blood counts, and liver/kidney function indicators. Serum superoxide dismutase(SOD), total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC), and glutathione(GSH) levels were significantly elevated, while reactive oxygen species(ROS) and malondialdehyde(MDA) levels were significantly reduced. ROS levels in bone marrow were significantly decreased. BMSCs from rats in the Yougui Yin groups showed significantly increased cellular activity and osteogenic differentiation capacity, reduced β-galactosidase staining in senescent cells, and significantly decreased ROS. In the Yougui Yin groups, the expression of NOX2 and TFR1 proteins in rat bone marrow and BMSCs was significantly reduced, while that of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(NRF2), HO-1, and FTH1 proteins was significantly increased. In summary, bone marrow aging in naturally aged rats was associated with significantly elevated oxidation-related proteins NOX2 and TFR1 and significantly reduced HO-1 and FTH1. Yougui Yin significantly improved the physical condition of naturally aged rats. Its mechanism for ameliorating bone marrow aging involved significantly decreasing TFR1 and NOX2 expression, significantly increasing NRF2, HO-1, and FTH1 expression, reducing bone marrow lipid peroxidation, and ferroptosis of bone marrow cells.