The impact of overjet, overbite, and anterior crowding on oral health-related quality of life of adolescents: A cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND

Orthodontic malocclusions could affect oral health-related quality of life (OHR-QoL). The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of overjet, overbite, and anterior crowding on OHR-QoL of adolescents.

MATERIALS AND

METHODS

This cross-sectional study involved 143 adolescents (71 boys and 72 girls) aged 10-15 years seeking orthodontic treatment. OHR-QoL, self-esteem (SE), and behavioral problems were assessed by validated questionnaires (Child Perception Questionnaire (CPQ), Rosenberg's self-esteem questionnaire, and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires). Overbite, overjet, and Little's irregularity index (LII) of the upper and lower arch were measured using a digital caliper (at 0.01 mm) on plaster study models. The impact of these orthodontic parameters on OHR-QoL was analyzed. The association of demographic and psychological parameters with OHR-QoL was also evaluated.

RESULTS

All participants completed the questionnaire. The mean score of CPQ was 16.08 ± 8.11. Overjet, overbite, and maxillary anterior crowding significantly impacted OHR-QoL. OHR-QoL was negatively affected as the severity of these orthodontic malocclusions increased. However, mandibular anterior crowding did not affect OHR-QoL. No significant associations were found between demographic factors (age and gender) or psychological parameters (SE and behavioral problems) and OHR-QoL.

CONCLUSIONS

Overjet showed a strong association with OHR-QoL, while maxillary anterior crowding had the least impact. Mandibular anterior crowding did not affect quality of life. This study highlighted the varying effects of different orthodontic malocclusions on OHR-QoL. This finding could be used by clinicians to prioritize the therapeutic needs of patients. The orthodontic treatment of patients with increased overjet should be prioritized due to its significant negative impact on OHR-QoL.