Biochimica et biophysica acta. Biomembranes · 2026
Infrared spectral signatures of plasma-derived small extracellular vesicles reveal diagnostic potential of idiopathic Parkinson's disease detection.
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Rai Sanskriti, Mishra Abhay, Zehra Sadaqa, Bharti Prahalad Singh, Inampudi Krishna K, Rani Neerja, Modi Gyan P, Rajan Roopa, Nikolajeff Fredrik, Kumar Saroj
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder lacking reliable, early-stage diagnostic biomarkers. This study utilizes Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to identify biochemical alterations in plasma-derived small extracellular vesicles (PsEVs) from PD patients.
METHODS: PsEVs were isolated and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and immunoblotting for canonical markers (TSG101, CD63, and CD9). FTIR spectra were recorded in the mid-infrared region (900-3100 cm-1) to probe molecular signatures of lipids and proteins.
RESULTS: Significant spectral differences were observed between PD and AM-C sEVs, in the lipid-associated regions- I2960/I2929 for CH₃/CH₂ asymmetric stretch (AUC = 0.991; Sn = 100%, Sp = 86.67%), I3040/I2929 for olefinic/saturated lipid ratios (AUC = 0.973; Sn = 96.67%, Sp = 86.67%), and protein-associated amide-I region, using Erik Goormaghtigh's MATLAB Kinetics and demonstrated a strong discriminatory power. Multivariate PCA and hierarchical clustering analyses also confirmed clear segregation.
CONCLUSION: FTIR revealed lipid-based spectral biomarkers in PsEVs, highlighting their potential for early diagnostic tools for PD screening and monitoring.
METHODS: PsEVs were isolated and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), and immunoblotting for canonical markers (TSG101, CD63, and CD9). FTIR spectra were recorded in the mid-infrared region (900-3100 cm-1) to probe molecular signatures of lipids and proteins.
RESULTS: Significant spectral differences were observed between PD and AM-C sEVs, in the lipid-associated regions- I2960/I2929 for CH₃/CH₂ asymmetric stretch (AUC = 0.991; Sn = 100%, Sp = 86.67%), I3040/I2929 for olefinic/saturated lipid ratios (AUC = 0.973; Sn = 96.67%, Sp = 86.67%), and protein-associated amide-I region, using Erik Goormaghtigh's MATLAB Kinetics and demonstrated a strong discriminatory power. Multivariate PCA and hierarchical clustering analyses also confirmed clear segregation.
CONCLUSION: FTIR revealed lipid-based spectral biomarkers in PsEVs, highlighting their potential for early diagnostic tools for PD screening and monitoring.