Mediastinal pancreatic pseudocysts that were resolved following parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism.

Hyperparathyroidism is a rare cause of pancreatic inflammatory disease, however their causal relationship has been widely accepted. The appropriate therapy is less clear when patients with hyperparathyroidism-associated pancreatitis develop complications such as pseudocysts. We describe a 51-year-old woman with primary hyperparathyroidism who developed pancreatic pseudocysts extending into the mediastinum. After the correction of hyperparathyroidism by removal of a parathyroid adenoma, the pseudocysts were resolved and no additional treatment was necessary. In patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who develop uncomplicated pancreatic pseudocysts, surgical correction of primary hyperparathyroidism may precede the interventional treatment on the pancreas when possible.