Pathophysiology of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Disease: The Reflux vs Reflex Theory.

Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) involves the reflux of stomach contents into the upper aerodigestive tract, causing symptoms through both direct injury and reflex-mediated mechanisms. While traditional reflux and reflex theories provide insights into LPR pathogenesis, they do not fully encompass its clinical spectrum. Emerging evidence highlights the role of hypersensitivity-both peripheral and central-in LPR, with significant implications for treatment responses and the impact of psychological factors on symptom severity. Understanding these complex interactions is crucial for developing more effective management strategies for LPR.