The Interaction of Hemopoiesis and Immunogenesis in Immunopathology Development.

A great number of authors consider as "stem cell disorders" the following immunopathologies: immunodeficiency, lymphoproliferative diseases, systemic and organ-specific autoimmune diseases. A participation of early hemopoietic precursors in immunopathology development was analyzed on the next models: age-related immunodeficiency in CBF1 mice, autoimmune hemolytic anemia in NZB mice and leukemia in AKR mice. NZB mice have an augmented number of CFUs in S-phase, as a prerequisit for elevated sensitivity to Rauscher leukemia virus, as well to autoimmune disorder development. The increased stem cell proliferation (45% of CFUs in S-phase) in AKR mice is accompanied by changes in CFU redistribution: a decrease of CFU number in bone marrow and their increase in spleen. The hallmark of "disregulation" in bone marrow of old mice is the augmentation of erythroid precursors and the decrease in the number of myeloid precursors (GM-CFU and M-CFU), in other words the shift of differentiation to erythropoiesis. The augmentation of stem cell proliferation is accompanied by the increase in the number of erythroid precursors to the detriment of myeloid precursors. Therefore, the disturbances in the regulation of proliferation and differentiation of CFUs may contribute to the formation of the immunopathologies. The correction of HSC proliferation and differentiation may be one of the important approaches to the treatment of immune disorders.