A little known cause of ischemic colitis.

Acute ischemic colitis associated with the use of neuroleptic agents is a rare but potentially life-threatening condition, and its true incidence is likely underestimated. The exact pathophysiological mechanisms underlying this complication remain poorly understood. Sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy is considered the gold standard for diagnosis, although various imaging modalities can also aid in the diagnostic process. Preventive measures primarily involve the management of constipation and the reduction of risk factors. In cases of suspected neuroleptic-induced ischemic colitis, prompt adjustments in medication-either through dose reduction or substitution with alternative antipsychotics-should be considered. This article presents two cases of ischemic colitis caused by neuroleptic treatment, emphasizing the critical importance of early diagnosis and timely intervention.