Preventive medicine · 2026
Worldwide prevalence of diabetic ketoacidosis at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
СтатьяСистематический обзорМетаанализНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
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Zhang Tianqi, Zhang Haichao, Huang Shiqi, Nong Tingting, Mo Xiaoying, Huang Jinhui, Zheng Hongbin, Liu Ying
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening complication of type 1 diabetes (T1D) and a marker of delayed diagnosis, associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Global estimates of DKA at T1D onset remain inconsistent.
METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis, searching PubMed (1996), Web of Science (1966), Embase (1947), and Scopus (1980), each from its inception to October 2025, without restrictions. Studies reporting DKA prevalence at diagnosis in individuals <19 years with newly diagnosed T1D were included. Pooled prevalence was calculated using random-effects meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses explored variations by country, region, World Bank income level, and pre- versus post-COVID-19 period; meta-regression examined continuous moderators.
RESULTS: A total of 233 studies from 58 countries (380,191 participants) were included. The pooled global prevalence was 41.9% (CI = 39.7, 44.0; I2 = 99.3%; prediction interval: 12.9, 74.3), ranging from 15.6% (Sweden) to 78.5% (Thailand). Rates were lower in high-income (38.6%) countries (p < 0.001). Younger age and higher female proportion were independently associated with higher prevalence.
CONCLUSIONS: Approximately two in five children with new-onset T1D present in DKA. The rising trend is indicative of ongoing challenges in achieving timely diagnosis, demanding urgent public health strategies encompassing clinical vigilance and innovative early detection approaches.
METHODS: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis, searching PubMed (1996), Web of Science (1966), Embase (1947), and Scopus (1980), each from its inception to October 2025, without restrictions. Studies reporting DKA prevalence at diagnosis in individuals <19 years with newly diagnosed T1D were included. Pooled prevalence was calculated using random-effects meta-analysis. Subgroup analyses explored variations by country, region, World Bank income level, and pre- versus post-COVID-19 period; meta-regression examined continuous moderators.
RESULTS: A total of 233 studies from 58 countries (380,191 participants) were included. The pooled global prevalence was 41.9% (CI = 39.7, 44.0; I2 = 99.3%; prediction interval: 12.9, 74.3), ranging from 15.6% (Sweden) to 78.5% (Thailand). Rates were lower in high-income (38.6%) countries (p < 0.001). Younger age and higher female proportion were independently associated with higher prevalence.
CONCLUSIONS: Approximately two in five children with new-onset T1D present in DKA. The rising trend is indicative of ongoing challenges in achieving timely diagnosis, demanding urgent public health strategies encompassing clinical vigilance and innovative early detection approaches.