[Repair for Atrial Functional Regurgitation of Atrio-ventricular Valves].

Persistent atrial fibrillation sometimes causes atrial enlargement. In such patients, regurgitation of mitral valve and tricuspid valve would be developed due to the enlargement of annulus of the atrio-ventricular valves. This mechanism of the mitral regurgitation is recently recognized as the atriogenic tethering of the posterior leaflet. Annuloplasty with ring is essential for the surgery in all patients. In the patients with giant left atrium, the annulus is tremendously enlarged. In such patients, we applied patch-augmentation of the posterior leaflet with autologous pericardial patch. Tricuspid annular dilatation is co-existed in these patients, so tricuspid annuloplasty should be done simultaneously. There is no guideline for the treatment of this pathology, so the indication for surgery should be argued.