Glottis and subglottis: a thoracic surgeon's perspective.

Anatomically, the larynx presents several unique features that account for the difficulties in the surgical management of pathologies, such as benign strictures located in the area. These features include its unique cartilaginous support, its short length, its intrinsic and extrinsic musculatures, and its innervation, all of which are fundamental for the function of breathing, phonation, and swallowing. It is important that the thoracic surgeon operating on the larynx understand this particular anatomy, the limits of surgery, and most importantly the steps to be taken to avoid catastrophic complications.