Epidemiology of human and animal trichinellosis in Italy since its discovery in 1887.

The epidemiology of trichinellosis in Italy is characterised by a sylvatic cycle present only on the mainland. The domestic cycle probably never existed, though a domestic focus occurred on the island of Sicily between 1933 and 1946. The red fox is the main reservoir, with the prevalence of infection ranging from 0.0% in lowlands to 60% in the Alps. The main etiological agent is Trichinella britovi. Trichinella pseudospiralis has been detected in two birds. From 1948 to March 2000, trichinellosis was diagnosed in 1,347 persons, who acquired the infection in 21 outbreaks.