International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases · 2022
Changes in interferon-γ release assay readout after COVID-19 vaccination: A prospective cohort study.
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Chen Nan-Yu, Liu Zhuo-Hao, Kao Shu-Wei, Lin Huang-Shen, Lee Ing-Kit, Zheng Jun-Yuan, Wang Ssu-Wei, Hsiao Yu-Hsiang, Lin Hui-Chin, Wu Ting-Shu
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: Interferon-γ release assays (IGRAs) are widely used in public health practice to diagnose latent tuberculosis. During the COVID-19 pandemic and rollout of COVID-19 vaccination, it has remained unclear whether COVID-19 vaccines interfere with IGRA readouts.
METHODS: We prospectively recruited healthcare workers during their annual occupational health examinations in 2021. Baseline IGRA readouts were compared with follow-up data after the participants had received two doses of COVID-19 vaccination.
RESULTS: A total of 134 baseline IGRA-negative cases (92 with ChAdOx1 vaccine, 27 with mRNA-1273 vaccine, and 15 with heterologous vaccination) and seven baseline IGRA-positive cases were analyzed. Among the baseline IGRA-negative cases, there were decreased interferon-γ concentrations over the Nil (P = 0.005) and increased Mitogen-Nil (P < 0.001) values after vaccination. For TB2-Nil value, a similar trend (P = 0.057) of increase was observed. Compared with the 0.35 IU/ml threshold, the baseline and follow-up readout differences were less than |± 0.10| IU/ml over the TB1-Nil and TB2-Nil values in >90% baseline IGRA-negative cases. No significant readout difference was observed among baseline IGRA-positive cases.
CONCLUSION: COVID-19 vaccination did not change IGRA interpretation in most cases. Cases showing conversion/borderline IGRA readouts should be given special consideration.
METHODS: We prospectively recruited healthcare workers during their annual occupational health examinations in 2021. Baseline IGRA readouts were compared with follow-up data after the participants had received two doses of COVID-19 vaccination.
RESULTS: A total of 134 baseline IGRA-negative cases (92 with ChAdOx1 vaccine, 27 with mRNA-1273 vaccine, and 15 with heterologous vaccination) and seven baseline IGRA-positive cases were analyzed. Among the baseline IGRA-negative cases, there were decreased interferon-γ concentrations over the Nil (P = 0.005) and increased Mitogen-Nil (P < 0.001) values after vaccination. For TB2-Nil value, a similar trend (P = 0.057) of increase was observed. Compared with the 0.35 IU/ml threshold, the baseline and follow-up readout differences were less than |± 0.10| IU/ml over the TB1-Nil and TB2-Nil values in >90% baseline IGRA-negative cases. No significant readout difference was observed among baseline IGRA-positive cases.
CONCLUSION: COVID-19 vaccination did not change IGRA interpretation in most cases. Cases showing conversion/borderline IGRA readouts should be given special consideration.