Forensic toxicology · 2025
Development of a rapid targeted and non-targeted analysis method for etomidate and its structural analogues by ambient flame ionization mass spectrometry.
СтатьяПоддержка исследования: вне правительства СШАНазвание и аннотация: Перевод пока не подготовлен
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Lin Meiting, Zhang Miao, Zhang Zhen, Xiang Ping, Zhao Yunli, Zhao Junbo
Аннотация
PURPOSE: Etomidate, which is a psychoactive drug with an anesthetic effect, is used as a substitute for expensive mainstream drugs. There has been a trend toward abuse of etomidate and its emerging structural analogues now. Faced with a large number of samples, a rapid and effective detection method is needed.
METHODS: In this study, ambient flame ionization (AFI) coupled with LTQ-Orbitrap mass spectrometry was used to analyze etomidate and its structural analogues in urine. It can realize detection in less than 0.2 min without sample preparation.
RESULTS: Ideal analysis conditions were obtained by optimizing various parameters and analytical performance was validated. The isomers (isopropoxate and propoxate) can be distinguished by ion abundance ratios. Positive samples (n = 75) were analyzed very efficiently and successfully from plenty of authentic specimens (n = 116). Statistical analysis was conducted on drug types, age, and gender of drug users. A new structural analogue was discovered in one of the samples, which was a very crucial discovery. That meant the market may face with the emergence of new structural analogues.
CONCLUSIONS: This study can satisfy both targeted and non-targeted screening, which provides support for timely monitoring and detection of novel drugs and offers a wider range of method choices for forensic laboratories. It can also better cope with the current situation of drug control and combat crimes related to new types of drugs.
METHODS: In this study, ambient flame ionization (AFI) coupled with LTQ-Orbitrap mass spectrometry was used to analyze etomidate and its structural analogues in urine. It can realize detection in less than 0.2 min without sample preparation.
RESULTS: Ideal analysis conditions were obtained by optimizing various parameters and analytical performance was validated. The isomers (isopropoxate and propoxate) can be distinguished by ion abundance ratios. Positive samples (n = 75) were analyzed very efficiently and successfully from plenty of authentic specimens (n = 116). Statistical analysis was conducted on drug types, age, and gender of drug users. A new structural analogue was discovered in one of the samples, which was a very crucial discovery. That meant the market may face with the emergence of new structural analogues.
CONCLUSIONS: This study can satisfy both targeted and non-targeted screening, which provides support for timely monitoring and detection of novel drugs and offers a wider range of method choices for forensic laboratories. It can also better cope with the current situation of drug control and combat crimes related to new types of drugs.