Multimodality Imaging Leading the Way to a Prompt Diagnosis and Management of Transthyretin Amyloidosis.

Background/

Objectives

A 43-year-old male presented with neurological symptoms and asymptomatic cardiac dysfunction, left ventricular hypertrophy, and impaired global longitudinal strain with apical sparing, associated with elevated NT-proBNP.

Methods

Multimodality imaging (bone scintigraphy and cardiac magnetic resonance) revealed cardiac amyloid deposition. Genetic testing confirmed variant transthyretin amyloidosis (ATTR) with mixed phenotype.

Results

Treatment with tafamidis 20 mg for stage I polyneuropathy, available at that moment, was initiated with good neurological outcome. Three years later, cardiac function deteriorated, following a moderate COVID-19 infection, with heart failure symptoms and reduced ventricular and atrial functions. For progressive ATTR cardiomyopathy, we intensified therapy to tafamidis free acid 61 mg, associated with SGLT2 inhibitor, spironolactone, and furosemide with subsequent improvements of symptoms and stabilization of imaging findings.

Conclusions

This case emphasizes the importance of multimodal imaging in early detection, monitoring, and guiding individualized management in ATTR cardiomyopathy.