Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2013
Interleukin-4 deficiency protects mice from acetaminophen-induced liver injury and inflammation by prevention of glutathione depletion.
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Pires Daniele Araújo, Marques Pedro Elias, Pereira Rafaela Vaz, David Bruna Araújo, Gomides Lindisley Ferreira, Dias Ana Carolina Fialho, Nunes-Silva Albená, Pinho Vanessa, Cara Denise Carmona, Vieira Leda Quercia, Teixeira Mauro Martins, Menezes Gustavo Batista
Аннотация
OBJECTIVE: Interleukin-4 (IL-4) is a multifunctional cytokine involved in many diseases such as autoimmune hepatitis and idiosyncratic drug reactions. However, its role in acetaminophen (APAP)-induced liver injury remains unclear. Our objective was to evaluate the contribution of IL-4 to the pathogenesis of APAP-induced liver injury.
METHODS: Balb/C (WT) and IL-4 knockout (IL-4(-/-)) mice were orally overdosed with APAP. After 24 h, survival percentage, biochemical and morphological markers of liver injury, and tissue inflammation were assessed.
RESULTS: IL-4(-/-) mice were protected from APAP toxicity. Intravital confocal microscopy, tissue histology and serum ALT levels showed significantly less liver injury and inflammation than in the WT group, which may explain the increased survival rate of IL-4(-/-) mice. In addition, IL-4(-/-) mice had decreased production of tumor necrosis factor α, CXCL1 and interleukin-1β in the liver, but not in a remote site such as the lungs. Hepatic macrophage activation was markedly reduced in IL-4-deficient mice. In addition, glutathione depletion-a primary cause of APAP-mediated injury-was significantly attenuated in IL-4(-/-) mice.
CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our data demonstrate that IL-4(-/-) mice are protected from APAP-induced liver injury due to reduced depletion of glutathione, which prevented liver damage and tissue inflammation.
METHODS: Balb/C (WT) and IL-4 knockout (IL-4(-/-)) mice were orally overdosed with APAP. After 24 h, survival percentage, biochemical and morphological markers of liver injury, and tissue inflammation were assessed.
RESULTS: IL-4(-/-) mice were protected from APAP toxicity. Intravital confocal microscopy, tissue histology and serum ALT levels showed significantly less liver injury and inflammation than in the WT group, which may explain the increased survival rate of IL-4(-/-) mice. In addition, IL-4(-/-) mice had decreased production of tumor necrosis factor α, CXCL1 and interleukin-1β in the liver, but not in a remote site such as the lungs. Hepatic macrophage activation was markedly reduced in IL-4-deficient mice. In addition, glutathione depletion-a primary cause of APAP-mediated injury-was significantly attenuated in IL-4(-/-) mice.
CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, our data demonstrate that IL-4(-/-) mice are protected from APAP-induced liver injury due to reduced depletion of glutathione, which prevented liver damage and tissue inflammation.