[Comparative results of thyroid ultrasound and laboratory studies in patients exposed to radiation].

The paper presents the data of thyroid ultrasound and laboratory studies in 233 persons exposed to radiation: 63 X-ray physicians, 36 Chernobyl accident liquidators, 31 patients with lymphogranulomatosis, receiving radiotherapy, and 103 individuals (a control group) who were physicians of various specialties whose professional activity is unassociated with radiation factors. Thyroid changes were found in 67.7% of the examinees after gamma teletherapy and in 31% in the control group; among X-rat physicians and Chernobyl accident liquidators, the occurrence of thyroid changes was equal--44.4%. Direct radiation exposure of the thyroid in a dose of above 30 Gy led to the development of postradiation fibrosis (22.5%) and postradiation thyroiditis (32.3%) with thyroid dysfunction that is most commonly presented by hypothyroidism (22.45%). Autoimmune thyroiditis (11.1%) more predominantly with subclinical hypothyroidism, and diffuse thyroid hyperplasia (19.4%) resulted from mixed internal and external radiation. Thyroid changes revealed in X-ray physicians mainly appeared as nodular masses (22.2%) without functional impairments but to be followed up. It is recommended that the annual preventive examination protocol be supplemented by thyroid ultrasound studies in X-ray physicians.