Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases · 2026
Emergence of dual β-lactam and colistin resistance via blaFRI-8 and mcr-10.2 co-carriage on an IncFII-family plasmid in Enterobacter vonholyi.
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Kovarova Aneta, Ryan Kate, Tumeo Anna, McDonagh Francesca, Clarke Christina, Cormican Martin, Miliotis Georgios
Аннотация
OBJECTIVES: Enterobacter vonholyi isolate E323169 represents a rare case of co-carriage of the antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) blaFRI-8 and mcr-10.2, recovered from a clinical rectal swab. E323169 represents one of only 11 known E. vonholyi genomes. To date, within the NCBI Pathogen Detection resource, blaFRI-8 is present in three assemblies and mcr-10.2 in two. In that dataset, blaFRI-8 co-occurred with an mcr-10 variant only once (Enterobacterasburiae). This study analyses the genomic, phenotypic and epidemiological importance of this rare co-occurrence.
METHODS: Species identification for E323169 was initially assigned by MALDI-TOF and subsequently confirmed using a multifactorial genomic workflow. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined by MIC assay. The genome of E323169 was sequenced on an Illumina-NextSeq-1000, assembled, and annotated for ARGs, virulence factors, and plasmid replicons. Comparative phylogenomics used all canonical E. vonholyi RefSeq assemblies, and NCBI metadata were analysed to assess plasmid distributions of blaFRI-8 and mcr-10.2.
RESULTS: E323169 carried six ARGs: four chromosomally encoded (blaACT-91, fosA, oqxA10, oqxB9) and two plasmid-borne (blaFRI-8 and mcr-10.2) co-located on an IncFII(p14)_1_p14 plasmid replicon. Additional plasmid replicons: Col(MG828)_1 and ColRNAI_1 were also identified. By mining the NCBI Pathogen Detection pipeline, we identified blaFRI-8 on IncFII replicon in E. asburiae JBIWA002, and mcr-10.2 on a multi-replicon (IncFIB/IncFII) plasmid in E. kobei 11778-yvys.
CONCLUSION: This report, to our knowledge, represents the first reported detection of an E. vonholyi isolate co-harbouring blaFRI-8 and mcr-10.2 on a single IncFII family plasmid in a non Enterobacter cloacae complex species, suggesting an expanded host range for plasmid-mediated carbapenem and colistin resistance. These findings suggest IncFII-family plasmids as recurrent scaffolds for the accumulation of high-impact resistance determinants in Enterobacter and that monitoring IncFII backbones may provide an early warning signal for future convergence events.
IMPACT STATEMENT: The detection of E.vonholyi across human, animal, plant, and environmental sources underscores its relevance within a One Health framework, highlighting the potential for cross-sectoral circulation of antimicrobial resistance. The convergence of blaFRI-8 and mcr-10.2 on an IncFII plasmid in E. vonholyi exposes an unrecognized reservoir of last-line resistance in a species prone to misidentification. Together, these findings emphasize the importance of integrating genomic surveillance into routine diagnostics to identify hidden reservoirs of carbapenem and colistin resistance and to strengthen infection prevention strategies before wider dissemination occurs.
METHODS: Species identification for E323169 was initially assigned by MALDI-TOF and subsequently confirmed using a multifactorial genomic workflow. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined by MIC assay. The genome of E323169 was sequenced on an Illumina-NextSeq-1000, assembled, and annotated for ARGs, virulence factors, and plasmid replicons. Comparative phylogenomics used all canonical E. vonholyi RefSeq assemblies, and NCBI metadata were analysed to assess plasmid distributions of blaFRI-8 and mcr-10.2.
RESULTS: E323169 carried six ARGs: four chromosomally encoded (blaACT-91, fosA, oqxA10, oqxB9) and two plasmid-borne (blaFRI-8 and mcr-10.2) co-located on an IncFII(p14)_1_p14 plasmid replicon. Additional plasmid replicons: Col(MG828)_1 and ColRNAI_1 were also identified. By mining the NCBI Pathogen Detection pipeline, we identified blaFRI-8 on IncFII replicon in E. asburiae JBIWA002, and mcr-10.2 on a multi-replicon (IncFIB/IncFII) plasmid in E. kobei 11778-yvys.
CONCLUSION: This report, to our knowledge, represents the first reported detection of an E. vonholyi isolate co-harbouring blaFRI-8 and mcr-10.2 on a single IncFII family plasmid in a non Enterobacter cloacae complex species, suggesting an expanded host range for plasmid-mediated carbapenem and colistin resistance. These findings suggest IncFII-family plasmids as recurrent scaffolds for the accumulation of high-impact resistance determinants in Enterobacter and that monitoring IncFII backbones may provide an early warning signal for future convergence events.
IMPACT STATEMENT: The detection of E.vonholyi across human, animal, plant, and environmental sources underscores its relevance within a One Health framework, highlighting the potential for cross-sectoral circulation of antimicrobial resistance. The convergence of blaFRI-8 and mcr-10.2 on an IncFII plasmid in E. vonholyi exposes an unrecognized reservoir of last-line resistance in a species prone to misidentification. Together, these findings emphasize the importance of integrating genomic surveillance into routine diagnostics to identify hidden reservoirs of carbapenem and colistin resistance and to strengthen infection prevention strategies before wider dissemination occurs.