Detection of PPID-interacting proteins in migraine rats by IP-MS and validation by bioinformatics analysis and experiments.

OBJECTIVE

This study was conducted to detect the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC) site and Peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase D (PPID)-interacting proteins in migraine rats and further investigate the mechanisms involved in migraine attacks.

METHODS

In this study, a two-time nitroglycerin (NTG) injection (NTG-2) group and a three-time NTG injection (NTG-3) group were established to observe the changes in behavior, mitochondria morphology, and PPID expression. Besides, the TNC samples of migraine rats were collected to analyze the proteins that can bind to PPID by immunoprecipitation combined with mass spectrometry (IP-MS). In addition, relevant pathways were analyzed by bioinformatics. Finally, the results were verified by protein docking and Co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) experiments.

RESULTS

The results demonstrated that in the TNC site of migraine rats, PPID expression was up-regulated with an increase in the injection times of NTG. Through a literature retrieval, it was found that the proteins that bound to PPID and were related to migraine mainly comprised G-protein-coupled receptor kinase interacting proteins 2 (Git2), Talin 1 (Tln1), sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit alpha-3 (Atp1a3), and proteinase-activated receptor 2 (F2rl1). The protein docking results all exhibited a good docking ability. The Co-IP experiment results revealed that PPID and Atp1a3 can bind to each other.

CONCLUSION

PPID can play a role in migraine attacks via the mitochondrial-inflammatory pathway by interacting with Git2, Tln1, Atp1a3, and F2rl1.