Plasmatic biochemical changes in COVID-19: Relevant markers that reflect patient genotypic predisposal.

BACKGROUND

The emergence of COVID-19 as a global health threat, particularly exacerbated in pre-existing chronic conditions, underscores the imperative for continuous exploration of biomarkers to enhance clinical management.

METHODS

This study employs multidimensional techniques, analyzing COVID-19 and control blood samples through plasma NMR, Raman spectroscopy, and leukocyte SNP genotyping.

RESULTS

NMR metabolomics identifies heightened levels of L-lactic acid, D-glucose, VLDL/LDL, L-glutamic acid, and 1-methyl-histidine in COVID-19, alongside reduced levels of L-alanine and L-histidine. ROC curves exhibit robust discriminatory power, affirming the model's efficacy in distinguishing COVID-19 from control samples. Raman spectroscopy unveils bands associated with molecular vibrations of amino acids, lipids, and carotenoids in COVID-19. SNP genotyping reveals the rs2070788-TMPRSS2 association with elevated COVID-19 risk and rs8259-CD147 association with protective effects.

CONCLUSIONS

Our findings provides a comprehensive investigation of acute COVID-19, highlighting novel biomarkers, particularly the correlation between 1-methyl-histidine levels and the TMPRSS2 GG + AG genotype.