Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
Plasma p-tau217, NfL, GFAP diagnostic performance and biomarker profiles in Alzheimer's disease, frontotemporal dementia, and psychiatric disorders, in a prospective unselected neuropsychiatry memory clinic.
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Eratne Dhamidhu, Kang Matthew, Malpas Charles B, Dang Christa, Lewis Courtney, Bhalala Oneil G, Li Qiao-Xin, Collins Steven, Masters Colin L, Loi Samantha M, Santillo Alexander F, Blennow Kaj, Zetterberg Henrik, Velakoulis Dennis, The MiND Study Group
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: Plasma biomarkers offer promise for improving the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and differentiating AD and other neurodegenerative disorders (NDs) like frontotemporal dementia (FTD) from primary psychiatric disorders (PPDs), particularly in younger patients.
METHODS: In this prospective study, we investigated plasma phosphorylated tau 217 (p-tau217), neurofilament light chain (NfL), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in 341 unselected participants from a neuropsychiatry memory clinic, including AD (n = 40), behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD) (n = 15), PPD (n = 69), other NDs, and controls.
RESULTS: Plasma p-tau217 showed strong diagnostic performance for distinguishing AD from bvFTD (96% accuracy) and PPD (93% accuracy). NfL best distinguished all NDs from PPD, while GFAP did not bring additional value. Biomarker profiles using predefined cut-offs and age-adjusted z-scores further clarified group differences.
DISCUSSION: Plasma p-tau217 and NfL have strong diagnostic utility in real-world, diagnostically complex cohorts. These findings support implementation of scalable blood-based biomarkers to improve early and accurate diagnosis in memory clinical settings.
HIGHLIGHTS: Plasma p-tau217 was significantly elevated in AD compared to other disorders. P-tau217 distinguished AD from bvFTD with high accuracy. P-tau217 distinguished AD from PPDs with high accuracy. NfL/p-tau217 ratio and GFAP added limited diagnostic value compared to p-tau217 and NfL. Findings support blood biomarkers in younger, real-world clinical cohorts.
METHODS: In this prospective study, we investigated plasma phosphorylated tau 217 (p-tau217), neurofilament light chain (NfL), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in 341 unselected participants from a neuropsychiatry memory clinic, including AD (n = 40), behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD) (n = 15), PPD (n = 69), other NDs, and controls.
RESULTS: Plasma p-tau217 showed strong diagnostic performance for distinguishing AD from bvFTD (96% accuracy) and PPD (93% accuracy). NfL best distinguished all NDs from PPD, while GFAP did not bring additional value. Biomarker profiles using predefined cut-offs and age-adjusted z-scores further clarified group differences.
DISCUSSION: Plasma p-tau217 and NfL have strong diagnostic utility in real-world, diagnostically complex cohorts. These findings support implementation of scalable blood-based biomarkers to improve early and accurate diagnosis in memory clinical settings.
HIGHLIGHTS: Plasma p-tau217 was significantly elevated in AD compared to other disorders. P-tau217 distinguished AD from bvFTD with high accuracy. P-tau217 distinguished AD from PPDs with high accuracy. NfL/p-tau217 ratio and GFAP added limited diagnostic value compared to p-tau217 and NfL. Findings support blood biomarkers in younger, real-world clinical cohorts.