Subjective cognitive decline and mild behavioral impairment as predictors of health-related quality of life in cognitively normal older adults.

OBJECTIVES

Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) and mild behavioral impairment (MBI) are preclinical indicators of Alzheimer's disease and may negatively affect health-related quality of life (HRQoL). We examined the independent and combined effects of SCD, MBI, and depressive symptoms on HRQoL in cognitively unimpaired older adults.

METHOD: Ninety individuals aged >50 years were recruited from a psychiatric outpatient clinic. Participants completed the Geriatric Depression Scale-15 (GDS-15), Subjective Memory Complaints Questionnaire (SMCQ), and SF12 while informants completed the MBI-Checklist (MBI-C). Participants were categorized by SCD and MBI status. Group differences were examined using ANOVA, and hierarchical regression analyses models adjusting for sociodemographic.

RESULTS

SCD and MBI were independently associated with lower Physical Component Summary (PCS-12) scores, with depressive symptoms partially mediating these relationships. Mental Component Summary (MCS-12) was primarily predicted by depressive symptoms. Impulse dyscontrol predicted poorer physical HRQoL, and affective dysregulation lower mental HRQoL.

CONCLUSION

SCD and MBI contribute to diminished HRQoL even without overt cognitive impairment, with depression acting as a mediator. Evaluating SCD alongside MBI provides a clearer understanding of early cognitive-behavioral changes and their burden on well-being. Findings underscore the need for integrated screening and early interventions in at-risk older adults.