[Avoidance of Adverse Drug Reactions by Pharmacists (Through the PreAVOID Report)].

As a method to visualize the professional competence of pharmacists, the Japanese Society of Pharmacists has collected and analyzed PreAVOID [be prepared to avoid adverse drug reactions (ADRs) I reports. PreAVOID reports, which refer to cases where ADRs were avoided, are classified into reports of ADR pre- vention and those of the avoidance of ADR aggravation. In the former, pharmacists predicted the develop- ment of ADRs based on their history, a decrease in physical function, the influences of medical treatment, blood drug concentration, and medication history, and made inquiries about prescriptions or gave prescription suggestions to physicians, resulting in avoidance of the development of ADRs before drug administration. In the latter, pharmacists evaluated ADRs that developed in the early stage based on patients' complaints, clini- cal symptoms, and laboratory examination values, and avoided their aggravation. In 2014, the number of PreAVOID reports was 33,348, which consisted of 32,587 reports of ADR prevention and 761 reports of the avoidance of ADR aggravation. Objective evaluation of the reports of the avoidance of ADR aggravation showed pharmacists' marked contribution in about 50%. If pharmaceutical care had not been performed, marked direct health damage may have occurred. ADRs could be prevented or avoided based on laboratory examination values in 32.4%, and patients' complaints in 34.9%. (Review].