History of the neurobiology of the pelvis.

The contemporary clinical management of a variety of pelvic disorders has benefited greatly from both basic science research discoveries and clinical observations in pelvic neurobiology. The foundation of this scientific discipline emanates from historical advances in the neuroanatomy and neurochemistry of the pelvic region. These advances, many of which were controversial when introduced, have served to shape currently accepted views regarding the neuroregulatory basis of pelvic functions. This report highlights the major contributions in the history of pelvic neurobiology, providing both an overview of the evolution of scientific thought in this discipline and insight into the role of this discipline in the development and practice of medicine and surgery related to the pelvic region.