[Treatment and management for severe dysphagia: medication, rehabilitation and surgery].

Treatment and management for severe dysphagia consist of medication, rehabilitation and surgery. It is important to understand the prognosis of causative disease and dysphagia. The use of drug for dysphagia is restrictive and not so effective. Rehabilitation is widely applied. Restorative training is for acute cerebrovascular disorders and compensatory methods are used for chronic stage and/or progressive dysphagia. Surgical intervention, such as cricopharyngeal myotomy and laryngeal suspension is directed to get functional recovery. On the other hand tracheoesophageal diversion and laryngeal closure and so on are intended to prevent severe aspiration.