Effectiveness of a Messenger RNA Vaccine Booster Dose Against Coronavirus Disease 2019 Among US Healthcare Personnel, October 2021-July 2022.
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Plumb Ian D, Mohr Nicholas M, Hagen Melissa, Wiegand Ryan, Dumyati Ghinwa, Harland Karisa K, Krishnadasan Anusha, Gist Jade James, Abedi Glen, Fleming-Dutra Katherine E, Chea Nora, Lee Jane, Barter Devra, Brackney Monica, Fridkin Scott K, Wilson Lucy E, Lovett Sara A, Ocampo Valerie, Phipps Erin C, Marcus Tiffanie M, Smithline Howard A, Hou Peter C, Lee Lilly C, Moran Gregory J, Krebs Elizabeth, Steele Mark T, Lim Stephen C, Schrading Walter A, Chinnock Brian, Beiser David G, Faine Brett, Haran John P, Nandi Utsav, Chipman Anne K, LoVecchio Frank, Talan David A, Pilishvili Tamara
Аннотация
METHODS: We evaluated the VE of a monovalent messenger RNA (mRNA) booster dose against COVID-19 from October 2021 to June 2022 among US healthcare personnel. After matching case-participants with COVID-19 to control-participants by 2-week period and site, we used conditional logistic regression to estimate the VE of a booster dose compared with completing only 2 mRNA doses >150 days previously, adjusted for multiple covariates.
RESULTS: Among 3279 case-participants and 3998 control-participants who had completed 2 mRNA doses, we estimated that the VE of a booster dose against COVID-19 declined from 86% (95% confidence interval, 81%-90%) during Delta predominance to 65% (58%-70%) during Omicron predominance. During Omicron predominance, VE declined from 73% (95% confidence interval, 67%-79%) 14-60 days after the booster dose, to 32% (4%-52%) ≥120 days after a booster dose. We found that VE was similar by age group, presence of underlying health conditions, and pregnancy status on the test date, as well as among immunocompromised participants.
CONCLUSIONS: A booster dose conferred substantial protection against COVID-19 among healthcare personnel. However, VE was lower during Omicron predominance, and waning effectiveness was observed 4 months after booster dose receipt during this period. Our findings support recommendations to stay up to date on recommended doses of COVID-19 vaccines for all those eligible.