Transcranial Pulse Stimulation for Alzheimer's Patients.

Transcranial pulse stimulation (TPS) is a noninvasive neuromodulation therapy with Conformité Européenne (CE) marking for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Initial pilot studies have demonstrated promising effects on cognitive function. This article focuses on the procedure for treating patients with AD using an MRI-guided, neuro-navigated TPS device. The protocol to be followed for this is described in detail, including the necessary procedures and device settings. A brief overview of the representative clinical results published to date is also provided. In addition to significant clinical improvements in cognition and affect, adverse events (AE) and possible adverse device events (ADE) are presented to provide safety data. Finally, the method is critically discussed. In the future, randomized controlled trials should be conducted to rule out any placebo effects. There is also currently a lack of long-term studies with a larger number of patients. Despite these unresolved questions, TPS has the potential as an adjunct treatment for Alzheimer's patients when used in a controlled, scientifically guided setting.