Bilateral testicular microlithiasis: case report and review of the literature.

Testicular microlithiasis is a rare diagnostic entity of unknown etiology and clinical significance. We hereby describe a case of bilateral testicular microlithiasis in a 10 year-old boy with a past history of mumps. Diagnosis was made by ultrasonography. Serum testicular tumor markers (alpha fetoprotein and beta human chorionic gonadotropin) were negative. Although the clinical significance of testicular microlithiasis remains obscure, in view of its association with testicular tumor and other pathology, we advocate regular self-examination and clinical follow-up with ultrasonography as an adjunct on a regular and long-term basis.