Dual-strategy microneedles of bio‑oxygen therapy and artificial enzyme anti-oxidation for psoriasis treatment.

Oxidative stress results from an imbalance between the production of free radicals by oxidants and their removal by antioxidants. Chronic oxidative stress is a key factor in inflammation, characterized by hypoxic microenvironments and elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Psoriasis, a common chronic inflammatory skin disorder, profoundly impacts the physical and psychological well-being of affected individuals. In response to this, we have innovatively developed a core-shell structured Chlorella-Prussian Blue Complex (Z-PB), integrating dual therapeutic strategies of biological oxygen therapy and oxidative stress regulation to address psoriasis. The Z-PB leveraged the unique ability of Chlorella to generate dissolved oxygen under light, combined with the broad enzymatic activity of Prussian Blue (PB), to effectively ameliorate the oxidative stress in the chronic inflammatory microenvironment. Additionally, the Z-PB overcame challenges such as the survival of Chlorella in high ROS environments and the aggregation of nanoenzymes. The Z-PB-loaded hyaluronic acid microneedles (Z-PBHA/MNs) demonstrated excellent skin permeability, in vitro release profiles, and biocompatibility. These Z-PBHA/MNs had been shown to alleviate psoriasis induced by imiquimod (IMQ). Overall, the Z-PBHA/MNs incorporating both biological oxygen therapy and artificial enzyme antioxidants represented a promising and innovative therapeutic strategy for the treatment of psoriasis.